Cellular Communications Within FLISR Applications for Electric Utilities

Network coverage is one of the biggest challenges of using cellular communications for FLISR applications. Since these systems rely on real-time data transmission, any interruption in network coverage can result in a delayed response or even a complete failure of the FLISR system. To overcome this challenge, utilities must select cellular devices that support multiple carriers and bands, enabling them to connect to the strongest available network in any given location. Additionally, utilities can deploy redundant systems with multiple communication paths, such as radio or LoRaWAN communications, to ensure that the FLISR system stays connected even in areas with poor cellular coverage.

FLISR applications require high bandwidth for transmitting large amounts of data, including real-time monitoring data, fault data, and restoration plans. However, cellular networks have limited bandwidth, and high traffic levels can lead to network congestion, resulting in data loss or delay. Electric utilities must prioritize critical data and optimize data transmission to address this issue. They should also consider utilizing private LTE networks (like Nitro) or gated data services (like ExpressM2M).

Another challenge of using cellular communications for FLISR applications is security. Cellular networks are susceptible to hacking and cyberattacks, which can compromise the security of FLISR data and potentially cause damage to the power grid. To mitigate this risk, utilities must deploy secure cellular routers and gateways that provide advanced encryption and authentication features. Additionally, utilities must implement strict access controls and monitoring procedures to ensure that only authorized personnel can access the FLISR system.

Cellular communications can also be affected by interference from other electronic devices, especially in densely populated areas. This interference can cause signal loss or degradation, impacting the reliability of FLISR data transmission. To overcome this challenge, utilities can deploy cellular devices with advanced interference detection and mitigation features. These devices can adjust their transmission frequencies and power levels automatically to avoid interference and maintain optimal signal quality.

Cellular devices used in FLISR applications must operate for extended periods of time without access to a power source. This requires cellular devices with low power consumption (like the RV50x and RX55 from Sierra Wireless) and long battery life. To overcome this challenge, utilities must select cellular devices designed for low power consumption and feature energy-efficient technologies, such as sleep mode and power management features. They can also utilize NEMA enclosures to house their communications devices connected to solar arrays as a backup or primary power source.

Finally, the cost of cellular communications is a significant challenge for electric utilities, especially for those with large service areas. The cost of cellular data plans and equipment can be expensive, and electric utilities must find ways to manage these costs while still providing reliable and efficient FLISR applications. Gated data plans like Express M2M are affordable and scalable, built with electric utility applications in mind. And planning for the bulk purchasing or industrial routers affords discounts that small run and one-off purchases generally do not.

Despite these challenges, cellular communications have numerous benefits in FLISR applications. They provide fast and reliable connectivity, enabling electric utilities to respond quickly to faults and restore service to customers.

Moreover, cellular networks are ubiquitous, making them an excellent choice for electric utilities with large service areas. With advanced security measures and optimized data transmission, cellular communications can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of FLISR applications, ultimately leading to improved customer satisfaction and increased operational efficiency.

They enable real-time monitoring, remote control, increased network visibility, improved accuracy, and increased reliability, all of which are crucial for minimizing outage times and reducing overall costs. As cellular networks continue to improve with the advent of low, mid, and mmW 5G, they are likely to become an even more essential component of FLISR systems in the future.